How did the political life of Muhammad Ali Jinnah begin

 

How did the political life of Muhammad Ali Jinnah begin

Muhammad Ali Jinnah was previously a successful lawyer, but he gained training by contesting an election on behalf of the Muslims of Bombay which served him well in the Pakistan Movement.

When Muhammad Ali Jinnah became a member of the Legislative Council, he was customarily addressed as 'Honorable Mr. Jinnah' 

In November 1908, when India completed 50 years of British rule, the Emperor of India, Edward VII, in his proclamation assured Indians that their demand for government and legislative powers would be met as soon as possible. will be done

In those days, the head of government in India was the Viceroy, who was assisted by an administrative council of six members. This council was the absolute ruler of India's 30 crore inhabitants.

On 5 May 1909, the Governor-General of India, Lord Minto, and the Minister for India, John Morley, presented a scheme of constitutional reform for India in the British Parliament, known as the 'Minto-Marley Terms' after their names.

According to these reforms, the number of members of the new legislative assembly was reduced to 60, of which 35 seats were for government representatives and 25 seats were for elected members, in which not only the representation of Muslims was specially arranged, but they were given separate elections. The right was also given. These reforms were severely criticized by all the Congress leaders including liberal leaders like Gokhale, while Muslim circles welcomed these reforms with great enthusiasm.

A few months later, in November 1909, the Indian Councils Act was passed, replacing the Viceroy's Administrative Council with a larger body called the Imperial Legislative Council.

These reforms paved the way for Muhammad Ali Jinnah's political advancement. The Muslims of Mumbai elected him as their representative and sent him to the Legislative Assembly. It is generally written in the books that this election was held unopposed, but this is not true. A senior politician Maulvi Rafiuddin Ahmed who was one of the founders of Muslim League stood in competition with Muhammad Ali Jinnah. There was a contest between the two and Muhammad Ali Jinnah won the contest. This election took place on January 4, 1910.

After 21 days, on 25 January 1910, the inaugural meeting of this council was held in Calcutta, in which Muhammad Ali Jinnah took oath along with other members. Now he was called 'Honorable Mr. Jinnah', this was the British parliamentary practice.

Quaid-e-Azam in 1910. His political training of this period later came in handy in the struggle for the establishment of Pakistan 

It is a curious coincidence that Muhammad Ali Jinnah was administered the oath by Mr. Macpherson who, when he was Advocate General, allowed the young Muhammad Ali Jinnah to study in his chambers in Mumbai.

In the Imperial Legislative Council, Muhammad Ali Jinnah played the role of an active member and an impressive orator. On several occasions he criticized the Government in harsh words even in the presence of the Viceroy, but the very first conversation of Hon'ble Mr. Jinnah in this Council started with a clash with the Viceroy of India. Mr Macpherson was the Law Secretary. In the second session of the Council, a bill was introduced regarding the Indian people of South Africa, on which Mr. Jinnah used very harsh words for the government and said that 'the treatment of the Indians there is very harsh and cruel. .'

Lord Minto scolded him for his manner of speech and said, 'I ask the honorable gentleman to stay within the code, his words are cruelly serious and against a friendly country.'

Jinnah replied sternly, 'Sir, my heart desires me to use stronger words than this, but I am better acquainted with the manners and dignity of the House, so I will not for a moment limit my jurisdiction. I will not exceed, but I will say that the treatment of Indians in South Africa is the harshest.'

It was the first time that a non-official elected member of the Imperial Legislative Council had taken such a bold and daring stand. Newspapers made big headlines on it and Mr. Jinnah became more and more popular with the people. Thus he started a war for the welfare of Indians in the Council. He always spoke according to his conscience and never tried to appease the authorities or the press. This was the starting point of Hon'ble Mr. Jinnah's political and parliamentary life.

A little over a year later on March 17, 1911, Mr. Jinnah presented the Muslim Waqf Ali-ul-Wlad Bill in the Council. The passage of this bill early in Mr. Jinnah's parliamentary career is of great significance.

The background of this bill was that after the war of independence of 1857, the Muslims of India were in dire straits and suffering. The problems and sufferings of the descendants of the rulers were more than that. On the one hand, they were saddened by the loss of their grand heritage, on the other hand, they did not have any skills to support themselves and their families. The result was that they used to mortgage the property left by their ancestors in the hands of Hindu Baniyas in return for a loan, and due to non-payment of the loan, they were deprived of their property within a few days, thus destroying their entire family. It was done.

There was only one way to save the property of these unfortunate people and that was to enact a law in British India under which Muslim citizens could dedicate their property. After the implementation of this revolutionary law, the endowed property could not be wasted due to the extravagance or incompetence of any family member, and the descendants of its owners continued to benefit from it from generation to generation.

In the late nineteenth century, 

Sir Syed Ahmad Khan tried to secure the property of the Muslims through waqf, but he could not succeed. Muslim endowment bill was presented.

In the late nineteenth century, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan tried to secure the property of the Muslims through waqf, but he could not succeed. Muslim endowment bill was presented.

Mr. Jinnah fought this case of Muslims like an able lawyer. He also mentioned the services of Maulana Shibli Naumani, Syed Ameer Ali and Syed Hussain Bilgrami on this important issue of Muslims and demanded the justice of an oppressed minority. He strongly said that Sharia Muhammadi should be implemented to solve the problems of Muslims. Due to Mr. Jinnah's legal ability and reasoning style, this bill was passed in 1913 and on March 7, 1913, the Viceroy also ratified this bill.

This was Quaid-e-Azam's first personal success in the field of legislation and his success was greatly appreciated by his parents and relatives. Chief among those giving praise was Mrs. Sarojini Naidu, who said that due to this feat, Mr. Jinnah was recognized by the Muslims of the entire country.

Most of his co-religionists did not consider him orthodox Muslims, but soon after this feat they began to turn to him for political advice and guidance.